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Coal Carbonization Gas, refers to a combustible mixture gas produced by heating and decomposing coal under isolated air conditions. Its primary constituents encompass hydrogen (H₂), methane (CH₄), and carbon monoxide (CO). Mainly including Coke oven gas, Semi coke gas, and Retort gas.
1. Coke Oven Gas (COG), namely High-temperature carbonization gas (900-1100℃), refers to the by-product combustible gas produced in the process of high temperature (about 1000℃) dry distillation of coal in the coking industry. It belongs to a type of metallurgical gas. It is the main fuel for industry and civilian use.
Coke oven gas is a mixture, Its main components are H₂ (55% - 60%) and CH₄ (23% - 27%), as well as small amounts of CO (5% - 8%), CmHn (2% - 4%), CO₂ (1.5% - 3%), O₂ (0.3% - 0.8%), and N₂ (3% -7%). Among them, H₂, CH₄, CO, and CmHn are combustible components. The LHV range: 17 - 19 MJ/Nm³ (4000 - 4400 kcal/Nm³). It belongs to medium to high-heating value gas fuel.
2. Retort Gas, namely Medium temperature carbonization gas (700-900℃), It refers to the combustible gas produced by the pyrolysis of coal, oil shale, wood or other carbon containing substances under isolated air conditions, heated by a dry distillation furnace (around 850℃). This process often uses Continuous Vertical Retort (such as Wood furnaces), which are widely used in fields such as coal upgrading, charcoal production, and biomass resource utilization.
The composition of Retort gas varies depending on the type of raw materials, carbonization temperature, and process conditions. The typical components of Gas from Continuous Vertical Retort: CH₄ (56.0%), CO (18.0%), H₂ (17.0%), a small amount of CO₂ (1.7%), N₂ (5.0%), and ethylene(C₂H₄), etc. The LHV: 16.3 MJ/Nm³ (3900 kcal/Nm³), belonging to medium-heating value gas fuel.
3. Semi Coke Gas, namely Low-Temperature gas (500-600℃), refers to the by-product combustible gas produced by dry distillation of coal in a 600 ℃ coking furnace to produce semi coke. It can be used as a fuel for power generation.
The main components of Semi coke gas: H₂ (12% - 28%), CH₄ (8.8% - 17%), CO (8% - 12%), CmHn (1% - 3%), N₂ (45% - 50%), CO₂ (2% - 6%),O₂ (0.3% - 0.8%), and H₂S (< 0.5%). The Lower heating value (LHV) range: 6.73 - 8.43 MJ/Nm³ (1609 - 2017 kcal/Nm³), belonging to low-heating value gas fuel.
Gas requirement of Manufactured gas ：
● Gas calorific value ≥ 4.0 MJ/Nm³(Non pressurized sets); Gas temperature ≤ 40℃.
● Gas pressure 2.5-10 kPa; Pressure change rate ≤ 1 kPa/min.
● Hydrogen content (H₂ Volume) ≤ 60% (Non pressurized sets); Hydrogen content (H₂ Volume) ≤ 20% (Pressurized sets);
● Oxygen content (In hydrogen containing gas) ≤ 1%.
● Moisture content ≤ 40 g/Nm³，no free water.
● Impurity content ≤ 30 mg/Nm³; Impurity size ≤ 5 μm.
● Tar content ≤ 50 mg/Nm³.
● H₂S ≤ 50 mg/Nm³; Total sulfur content ≤ 100 mg/Nm³.
● NH₃ ≤20 mg/Nm³;
● C₆H₆ ≤ 50 mg/Nm³.
● C₁₀H₈ ≤ 50 mg/Nm³.
● Halogen compounds ≤ 50 mg/Nm³.
