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Turbine Power Plants refer to energy stations that use fluids (such as water, steam, gas, wind, etc.) as the working medium and turbines as prime movers to drive generators to produce electric power and thermal energy. That is, the kinetic energy of fluids (e.g., steam, water, wind, etc.) is utilized to generate thrust to rotate the turbines, which drive alternators to generate electricity.
Their core principle is energy conversion: kinetic energy transfer is achieved through the interaction between turbine blades and the working fluid. The energy of the fluid medium is converted into mechanical energy by turbines, ultimately realizing the conversion from thermal/kinetic energy to electric energy.
Classification of Turbine Power Plants:
1. Turbine power stations can be classified according to the type of working medium, including:
■ Gas Turbine Power Plant, its can burn gaseous or liquid fuels and are mostly used for combined heat and power (CHP) or combined cycle power generation projects. At present, the unit output ranges from a few megawatts to over 500 MW, and the plant capacity can exceed 1000 MW.
■ Steam Turbine Power Plant, they are energy stations that use steam as the working fluid and steam turbines as prime movers to convert the thermal energy of steam into mechanical energy, which drive generators to produce electric power and heat. They include thermal power plants (such as coal-fired, oil-fired and gas-fired power plants), biomass power plants, waste heat power plants, concentrating solar thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, etc.
■ Hydropower Stations, use water power (with water heads) to rotate water turbines, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy; the mechanical energy is then converted into electric energy by the driven generators.
■ Wind Power Plant, harness wind force to create thrust for rotating wind turbines, converting wind energy into mechanical energy, which in turn drive generators to produce electric energy.
2. Classification according to configurations:
The Power Plants can be classified into the Simple Cycle Power Plant, Cogeneration Power Plant, Combined Cycle Power Plant, and Hybrid Power Plant.
■ Simple Cycle Power Plant (SCPP), Only for power generation. SCPP is consist of a single or multiple gas turbine (or I.C.E) driven generator sets. The main components of the gas turbine are the air compressor, the combustor and the turbine, which drives both the air compressor and an electric power generator. We can provide flexible and reliable solutions to enable the grid to respond quickly to flexible load demands. The focus is on robust operation, high availability, fast start-up as well as start reliability and the capability for quick transient load responses. SCPP are often used in remote areas as decentralized local power generation and as emergency or peaking sets.
■ Cogeneration Power Plant, also known as Combined Heat and Power (CHP), refers to a group of proven technologies that operate together for the concurrent generation of electricity and useful heat in a process that is generally much more energy-efficient than the separate generation of electricity and useful heat. Mainly used in gas turbine power plants and large engine power plants. Widely used in Distributed Energy Resources projects making an important contribution to the global energy demand.
■ Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) refer to the Combined cycle power generation system composed of gas turbines, generators, boilers, steam or heating type steam turbine. The system converts the waste gas discharged by the gas turbine into steam through the waste heat boiler, and then the steam is injected into the steam turbine to generate electricity, or the spent steam can be used to heating after generation. Mainly used in gas turbine power plants and large engine power plants.
■ Hybrid Power Plant (HPP) refer to a kind of power generation system combining two types of energy, which common form is hybrid power generation combined by renewable energy sources (wind power, hydroelectricity, solar energy, ocean energy, etc.) and fossil power. Renewable energy sources hybridized with liquid fuel or gas fuel engines are the perfect synergy to take the advantages of both electricity sources. The renewable energy share delivers free electricity with a green footprint and highly efficient engines care of reliable base load supply or flexibly available backup for obtaining a continuous power output.
As the core facility for energy conversion, turbine power stations convert fluid energy (such as steam, water, wind, etc.) into mechanical energy through turbines, which then drive generators to generate electrical energy. They are widely used in traditional and new energy fields. In recent years, with technological iteration and scenario expansion, turbine power stations have shown new trends in patent innovation, intelligent control, and multi energy adaptation.
